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Douglas Murray, Dave Smith, and the Troubling Rise of Wokespertise
by Logan Lancing
May 27, 2025
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The recent “current thing” between author and journalist Douglas Murray and comedian and cultural critic Dave Smith, which took place on the Joe Rogan Experience, revealed the devastating blow Leftists have dealt to our civilization in recent years. Expertise is out, and “just asking questions” is in. The TL; DR version of the story goes a bit like this–

Murray appeared on Rogan’s podcast, ostensibly to discuss his new book On Democracy and Death Cults. But, rather than do that, Murray was asked to have a conversation with Smith (debate, really) about the war between Israel and Hamas. Murray rushed in swinging, taking issue with the fact that Smith, admittedly, does not wield expertise of the relevant facts and details of the conflict. Smith (and Rogan) defended himself, using Murray’s arguments from previous years about “experts,” “expertise,” and gatekeeping to apparently reveal the incoherence and irony of Murray’s current attack vectors. The narrative following the interview was “Murray has gone Woke, using the same BS arguments he has spent a career destroying! WE DON’T TRUST EXPERTS!”

Well, should we? As all three—Rogan, Smith, and Murray—pointed out correctly, we have been badly lied to and misled by our “experts” and their institutions in recent years. Their “credentials” were revealed in so many cases not to represent competence and expertise but willingness to push the Party Line. As Murray argued, our experts failed us catastrophically, but expertise itself must still matter.

In the wake of this conversation lay bad actors, grifters, cringy “Elucks” (X users chasing “Elon Bucks” in the X monetization program, which merely prioritizes certain types of content engagement), and, most importantly, confused and disoriented people. These people are confused by Murray’s argument that expertise matters when discussing complicated issues. Why? Because real, genuine expertise actually does matter.  On the other hand, perhaps more importantly, those people just survived Covid-19. By this, I mean they just survived the largest psychological warfare campaign ever waged on the minds of men.

Therefore, people lay confused because they’ve learned that the experts were dead wrong. And not only were the experts dead wrong, they knew that we knew they were dead wrong and still skate parks were sandbagged, sons and daughters had to say their final goodbyes from the parking lot, kids were locked out of school for years, and hard-working men and women lost their jobs because…reasons. All the while, the “experts” laughed, dined, danced on TikTok, and told us from the podium of the President of the United States of America that we would face a winter of severe illness and death for not believing them.

Though people may have forgotten, Murray has largely built a career on challenging “the experts,” particularly with regard to immigration and Islam. So, yeah, people were confused by Murray’s apparent about-face on the central issue of his and Smith’s conversation. Why is Murray now supporting experts? (Think also about “gender affirming care experts” and “climate experts,” to name some of the most egregious examples.)

Enter something I’m calling Wokespertise, which is a selective favoring of outsider narratives perhaps sprinkled with a generous dash of conspiracy theorizing. Wokespertise is what you get when interpreting society through a Woke conspiracy theory about how society works to elevate the knowledge of a privileged few and a marginalized and oppressed many. Woke people therefore favor alternative knowledges and other ways of knowing. Alternative to what? Established knowledge. Other how? By methods different than those of the prevailing experts, who are deemed (rightly or wrongly) corrupt. More importantly, Woke people favor them not because the sitting experts are corrupt or wrong, as they often are, but because they’re alternative, other, and outsider-based. Wokespertise is knowing things you’re “not allowed” to know.

We can think of tons of examples, say from Critical Race Theory. In Critical Race Theory, disparate impact implies discrimination—that’s a pillar of CRT Wokespertise. So if there are proportionally fewer black people than white people who go hiking (perhaps a fact), then “hiking is racist.” This Wokespertise game can be repeated anywhere Woke lives. Consider feminists claiming the reason fewer women are computer coders than men is sexism in tech, for example. Or consider that anyone who has visited the Israeli war zone, or Israel at all, must have been given bad, Potemkin misinformation from the IDF and so understands the situation there less, not more, for having been there. Thus, alternative explanations, particularly ones that blame Israel for engaging in the conflict somehow wrongly, are preferred to journalistic accounts based in due diligence.

Here's the thing, though. Experts exist, and expertise matters. This is immediately evident when you overhear a discussion about a field you are an expert in. For instance, I know and understand Critical Race Theory deeply, and I sometimes will see people online who have started to study Critical Race Theory share conclusions that are flat out wrong, even when those conclusions contain several correct facts. This is a real problem because, when you’re not an expert in the field, and especially if you’re hearing about something that’s mostly foreign to you, any surface level, boneheaded understanding of a topic may sound and feel like expertise when you hear it. And this especially goes for boneheaded understanding that forwards facts that appear to support the narrative.

For example: “CRT is just anti-white racism! Look at this school targeting white kids!”

Expert Opinion: Technically, no, although it often manifests as “anti-white” on the ground floor, as it is designed to generate and maximize racial conflict and awaken a politically activated racial consciousness in all racial groups in various different ways. Critical Race Theory’s central stated goal is to “abolish whiteness as (bourgeoisie) private property,” which is very different from being “anti-white.” “Whiteness,” can be summarily described as “success-generating Western values,” especially those that underwrite the US Constitution.

Now, I don’t want to get too lost in the weeds here, but you can imagine how differently one would approach the fight against CRT if one thought it was “just anti-white racism” vs. anti–success-generating Western Values. One of these approaches fights CRT; the other of these approaches walks into the spells cast on racial groups throughout society by CRT.

There are two primary reasons why CRT is still running roughshod through education, I would argue. The first is that the CRT advocates are relentless Race Marxists. Another is because many Americans, especially white conservatives, fell for the more easily monetizable anti-CRT marketing package in “It’s just anti-white racism!” which CRT actually promotes. So, when parents don’t see blatant administrator-driven and institutionalized anti-white racism in schools, they imagine CRT must be gone.. Or, what’s worse, even when they do witness it, they assume a politically activated white racial consciousness must be the answer, fueling the fire. (So much to say here—maybe another time—but if you feel “it’s just anti-white racism, then why discriminate against Asians in admissions? Why say they are against “neutral principles of constitutional law”? Why is Larry Eldar “The Black Face of White Supremacy?”)

My point is, expertise matters because Truth matters, and experts are those who reliably strike closer to the Truth than others. We’re all limited, so expertise doesn’t shield anyone from criticism or error, obviously. But, in general, we blindly trust experts every single day of our lives because we must. We can’t all be roofers, undersea cable layers, cattle ranchers, IT wizards, prison wardens, or Olympic coaches. We trust that each of us develops expertise in specific domains of knowledge that we can then share with each other to make the world go round.

All that said, let’s return to the JRE debate between Murray and Smith. Smith’s performance was widely considered online (I don’t buy it, though! For those that follow me on X, think “5GW”) to be a massive double-leg takedown of the titanic Murray. Smith was not “the expert” and was “just asking questions” and stating “facts” that “the experts” suspiciously ignore, apparently. Murray was the arrogant hot-head, “hiding behind expertise” to shield himself from actually debating the issues.

These takes were boringly familiar to me. I’ve observed and read about situations like this for years now. This is how it works, which may ring familiar with you, too.

The Expert: I’m an expert on this particular subject for reasons x, y, and z, and I’m here to discuss where I believe your interpretation of reality is a faulty one.

Wokespert: I’m just asking questions. Here’s some facts, woven together as a counter-narrative to your narrative based on “expertise.” [CRT Wokespertise calls this a “counterstory.”]

The Expert: Sure, those facts check out, but the conclusions you’ve derived from them are false, and here’s why. [Deliberately misleading people with selective true statements is possible and even has an obscure name: paltering.]

Wokespert: But what about this fact? You never discuss that one. What else are you hiding or perhaps unwilling to notice? You’re supposed to be “the expert”?! You are blinded by your membership in the expert class. You’re part of the system that wants to keep this fact away from people! [Insider knowledge is corrupt according to Wokespertise and its defining conspiracy theory, which holds that it’s only considered “knowledge” for corrupt reasons.]

The Expert: You can state facts, and I may or may not agree with them, and we can discuss that. But, even if I do, a fact isn’t an argument. Sure, if we agree to your factual claim, we can move on to discussing the implications of that claim and why I think the implications you’ve derived are faulty and wrong. [Expertise isn’t just understanding facts but how they fit together into an accurate portrayal of reality.]

Wokespert: Listen, I’m not an expert. I’m just asking questions, and I find it weird that it feels like I’m not allowed to ask these questions. I find it weird that you seem unwilling to acknowledge and talk about X, Y, and Z facts. Why might that be? My ability ask the questions you experts aren’t allowing me to ask makes me more trustworthy, and actually makes me more of an expert than you! You’re blind! How could you not know about these facts they’ve hidden from you. Wake up, man! [Wokespertise claims unearned intellectual and moral superiority by claiming to stand outside the corruption alleged by the conspiracy theory at its heart.]

(Quick aside: To be completely fair, two things. Again, our expert classes are severely corrupted, but the question here is about throwing out the baby (expertise) with the bathwater (corruption and bogus credentialism). Also, there were certainly moments in the debate where Murray did himself no favors with his responses or his frustrated tone, and there were certainly points were Smith butchered facts. But, I’m not here to discuss my feelings about the “debate,” but rather pull out the phenomenon that took place and explain why it’s confusing people and where it can lead us. I’m not at all interested in a line-by-line analysis, because that misses the point entirely)

If the Wokespertise game isn’t clear yet, let’s try to rehash this example in language we’re now all familiar with.

The Expert: I’m an expert on this particular subject for reasons x, y, and z, and I’m here to discuss where I believe your interpretation of reality is a faulty one.

Critical Race Theorist (Wokespert): I’m just asking questions. Here’s some facts, woven together as a counter-narrative to your expertise. [Critical analysis plus counter-storytelling.]

The Expert: Sure, those facts check out, but the conclusions you’ve derived are false, and here’s why.

Critical Race Theorist (Wokespert): But what about this fact? You never discuss that one. What else are you hiding or perhaps unwilling to notice? You can’t be a true expert because you are blinded by your “whiteness.” You’re part of the system of White Supremacy Ideology that wants to keep this fact away from people. You’re protecting your own power and privilege. [Outsider knowledge is necessary because of the Woke conspiracy theory at the heart of their approach.]

The Expert: You can state facts, and I may or may not agree with them, and we can discuss that. But, even if I do, a fact isn’t an argument. Sure, if we agree to your factual claim, we can move on to discussing the implications of that claim and why I think the implications you’ve derived are faulty and wrong.

Critical Race Theorist (Wokespert): Listen, I’m not white, nor do I have access to whiteness, which makes me more of an expert than you! You’re blind! How could you not know about these facts they’ve hidden from you. Wake up, man! Be Woke! Give me the keys to the car or else.

This Uno-Reverse Card (dialectical inversion combined with DARVO) flips the script – I’m not an expert and I’m just asking questions, which actually means I’m more of an expert because I will ask the questions and state the facts we’re not allowed to ask and state. This tactic is one the Woke have used for decades to redefine expertise as adherence to Woke doctrine and activism (that is, Wokesptertise).

So, here we arrive at the thing confusing everyone: Expertise is real and reliable, insofar as we define expertise as deep knowledge of a particular field or subject. However, those working to subvert Liberty and Truth weasel their way into positions where they can wear “expertise” as a costume that obscures their agenda and goals. So, many of the “experts” that have been rammed down our throats in recent decades were never experts at all—they were commissars. The point, to spell it out plainly, is that we can reject commissars without adopting a counter-Wokespertise of our own!

These commissars (posing as our “experts”) were ushered in mostly by a 21st century DEI program modeled on a nearly identical program found in the early Soviet Union. They were equitably placed and included in the positions they hold because they’re politically awakened and active, holding diverse, counter-hegemonic views. They are an expert political class wearing “expertise” as a skin suit. Their credentials are entirely political, due in large part to the takeover of our educational system by Woke people, chiefly in the 80s and 90s.

So, now we arrive at a place and time where people are supremely skeptical of experts because they’ve been tricked into believing experts and commissars (Wokesperts) are the same thing. They are not.

The Woke Left has spent decades destabilizing society. Everything they do is meant to generate conflict and destabilize society until the revolution happens and Utopia arrives through years of long toil under their totalitarian control. One of their most successful attack vectors has been to convince people that no one can be trusted, and everyone must be approached with suspicion, even the pilot flying your airplane. That is, unless they have the correct political consciousness. The goal in this domain has always been to replace experts with commissars. This allows them to capture institutions that they can, while burning down those they can’t.

And here’s a neat trick. Because they’re replacing experts with commissars, they actually make their criticisms of expertise come true, wrongly. People see corrupted “experts” in one light when there are in fact two—experts and commissars—and they blame belief in expertise itself for the problem. Thus, when the Woke critique of expertise cannot fully succeed directly by its own hand, it completes itself through its enemies by getting them to abandon expertise too. At that point, all that’s left is power struggles between the expert-free factions, which they hope they’ve positioned themselves to ultimately win.

The confused and disoriented people I’ve been discussing are those left in the wake of this catastrophically successful attack. They are the people the Woke Left couldn’t win over—those who couldn’t be “awakened” and initiated into the Woke cult. So what do you do with them? You can’t just let them go, potentially becoming active counter-revolutionaries. So, you make sure if you can’t get them, no one can. You leave the entire game board destabilized, with any people that get away with nowhere to flee to. You create psychological casualties—people who don’t trust experts at all and only trust this claim or that because of tribalistic group belonging and feelings rather than rational and reasoned thought, to say nothing of the actual truth.

Murray has spent his career mostly challenging commissars, or Wokesperts, referring to themselves as “the experts,” not experts. He’s leveled brilliant attacks against political commissars who’ve sold themselves as “the experts,” revealing to everyone that “the experts” are in fact commissars who can’t be trusted. He knows, I presume, based on my eyes and ears, that experts are real and important, and that expertise matters. And he’s right. Now he’s facing down a new brand of counter-Wokesperts, and he’s still right. Expertise still matters. Wokespertise is still fraudulent.

We need to recover the distinction between genuine expertise and ideological credentialism. I’m not suggesting experts cannot embrace error. I’m suggesting that expertise should be judged by its proximity to truth, not by loyalty to a totalizing worldview. The people we once trusted lose credibility because they got a few things wrong. They lost it because they were captured by a religious cult that reoriented them away from reality and truth and towards activism.

If we don’t rebuild a culture that values truth over narrative and competence over credentials, we’ll keep mistaking commissars for craftsmen. And when that happens, everything breaks and we all have a bad time.

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What George Washington’s Death Can Teach Us About Woke
by James Lindsay

President George Washington died at his home on December 14, 1799, at the age of 67. He died, as it turns out, of a particularly bad and sudden upper respiratory infection, most likely strep throat, that the doctors of his day (the best available) did not know how to treat. (Penicillin as a treatment wasn’t discovered until 1928.)

After going out on a cold and wet evening on December 12 to inspect his fields, President Washington returned to Mount Vernon to rest with a tickle in his throat. On December 13, he continued to work outside in the cold, wet conditions, and by evening realized he had a problem. By morning on December 14, he had a full-blown, emergency infection and got Martha to summon help. Doctors were on the scene and went to work that morning.

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Washington, certainly partially as a result of his “medical care,” succumbed to this now-trivial disease in under 24 hours, said goodbye to his family as the end drew undeniably near, closed his eyes one last time, and died, allegedly with the words “‘Tis well” being the last words from his lips before he went. That night, America lost a giant, perhaps in an untimely fashion.

Now imagine for a moment that among his doctors one had a stroke of divine inspiration (or connecting the dots between other observations he had made in similar circumstances) that led him to conclude before any treatment began that, in fact, The President was suffering from a simple bacterial infection of the upper airways and trachea. Imagine further that he was able to convince his fellows of this stroke of accurate and correct insight.

Would acquiring this accurate diagnosis have cured President Washington? No, not on its own.

Would President Washington still have succumbed and died of this simple but aggressive infection? Probably, but that cannot be known.

Even if he would have still died, would that diminish the value of the accurate diagnosis? Not at all, and that’s the point.

The accurate diagnosis alone could not have saved President Washington’s life, but one thing we might guess is that understanding that his illness was caused by an invading pathogen growing in his throat that had nothing to do with “bad blood” or “evil humours,” he may well have avoided the blood-letting in his treatment, saving much of his strength for fighting the severe but routine infection.

Furthermore, the potions and concoctions he was given to gargle and drink might have been better purposed to deal with a direct infection, per long experience with animals or other people, and perhaps would have been chosen in a way that was more beneficial or benign, especially if some understanding of the role of inflammation was part of the blessed miraculous insight of our hypothesis. Maybe they would have been chosen only for his comfort and to keep his airways clearer.

It’s very unlikely that his doctors would have realized that a certain strain of mold properly prepared and administered would have surely cured him, but they might have realized their primary focus should have been on keeping him breathing as well as possible while his body fought the infection, potentially preventing many of the other, harmful things they did.

One young doctor did propose such a solution, in fact, recommending a radical new surgical technique at the time called a tracheotomy, which was not performed. Whether or not he understood the situation (likely not), he did understand that the emphasis was to keep Washington breathing until he could recover under his own power (which would have been increased had he not been drained of half his blood and given to drink various potions, some of which were surely unhealthy). Had that surgical intervention been performed cleanly and correctly, many today think, Washington likely would have survived.

In other words, a correct diagnosis might or might not have saved President Washington in that last dark month of the eighteenth century, but it would have certainly achieved at least three effects:

1) It would have ruled out dangerous false “solutions” like blood-letting and perhaps some of the concoctions he was given;

2) It would have focused energy and attention on doing more productive, even if insufficient, things than were done, which combined may actually have saved The President's life; and

3) It still would have been correct and therefore a robust foundation for pursuing and achieving real, reliable solutions to the same problem in future circumstances, independent of Washington’s fate.

That is, getting an accurate diagnosis matters even when the diagnosis itself is not sufficient to solve the problem at hand. The likelihood of finding a viable solution to a problem goes up dramatically with an accurate diagnosis, and the likelihood of avoiding bad false “solutions” in the process also goes up dramatically in this case.

Now let’s turn our attention to Woke, a societal infection if ever there was one.

Woke, which is ultimately a group-based victimhood complex channeled through social philosophy, is always an incorrect understanding of the phenomena of society. It therefore cannot lead to correct solutions, only to ridiculous things like blood-letting (criticism, in metaphor).

It does not matter if we are talking about left-wing Woke, right-wing Woke, postmodern Woke, modern Woke, or premodern Woke. Woke is a petulant misunderstanding of the circumstances, therefore it cannot provide a correct diagnosis. Therefore, again, it cannot, except by a combination of luck and failure, produce a meaningful solution.

To wit, Marx did not have good criticisms of society, capitalism, free markets, free trade, liberalism, feudalism, slavery, or anything else he criticized—as is often asserted—because all of his criticisms relied upon his own modern-era Woke theory of social alienation and conflict that is fundamentally not correct. (It is sociognostic and just as heretical as any other Gnostic heresy, as such.) The solutions he applied are wrong not merely on their own but also because his diagnostic framework is wrong.

Keeping the diagnostic framework while recommending different solutions (right-wing Woke, or Woke Right) will not fix the fundamental problem because the diagnostic framework is still wrong. Therefore, the prescribed solutions will also be wrong. Right-wing Woke, maybe like Washington’s enema, is not an answer to left-wing Woke.

Getting accurate diagnoses about bad social theory—not by using it—is not on its own a solution any more than one of President Washington’s doctors realizing he has a strep infection would have been a cure. It is, however, the foundation for finding a cure, or at least for favoring minimal and palliative care dedicated toward the right objectives (keeping him breathing and full of his own blood while his body fought the infection) rather than taking detrimental wrong turns.

Similarly, Woke theories and obsessions with power, victimhood, and group identity, but for “right-wing” causes, is an easily avoidable wrong turn that can be avoided by understanding that Woke theory and its obsession with power, victimhood, and group identity are the disease itself. Or, more deeply, that both are aspects of the same dialectic that is making our society sick.

I hope Western Civilization can survive, even if we are unaware of the cure. Like the body of President Washington in December 1799, it already has many of the resources (like the Constitution) needed to fight the Woke infection it is currently suffering from—as long as we keep it breathing and don’t unnecessarily weaken it with false “solutions” like more Woke, more criticism, more victimhood, more identity politics, and more obsession with power, even if they’re pointing in the “other” direction.

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The Woke Cult of Transgression
by James Lindsay

Perhaps the best analyst of the cult of Maoism, from which Woke derives (including Woke Right, as we’ll see), was Robert Jay Lifton, who was in Hong Kong in the early 1950s interviewing and documenting refugees and exiles from the newly formed People's Republic of China

Lifton wrote books about this including the thorough case-study driven Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of “Brainwashing” in China (1961). In this book, inter alia, Lifton gives a few vivid descriptions of the cult phenomenon of the “thought reform” environment in China (also translated: “ideological remolding”) that characterizes two aspects of it as what he calls a “cult of confession” and a “cult of enthusiasm

These two cult orientations may be comprehensive of the Maoist Communist milieu, but to them I would add a third, a “cult of transgression,” for modern Woke cult environments and behavior, only there in nascent form in Mao’s People's Republic, at least before the Cultural Revolution. In fact, the “cult of transgression” model is what might distinguish the Cultural Revolution environment (1966–1976) from the rest of Mao’s time in power (from 1949 forward).

The Cult of Confession Dynamic

The “cult of confession,” as Lifton has it, is a key feature of the totalizing cult because creates incredible vulnerability in each individual. The way it works is by getting people to confess to their own wrongdoing, increasingly as defined against the ideological expectations of the cult. The idea is that people would confess to their sins against the cult doctrine and each other in order to bond, avoid punishment, signal adherence and understanding of the doctrine, etc. Lifton describes the phenomenon this way

Closely related to the demand for absolute purity is an obsession with personal confession. Confession is carried beyond its ordinary religious, legal, and therapeutic expressions to the point of becoming a cult in itself. There is the demand that one confess to crimes one has not committed, to sinfulness that is artificially induced, in the name of a cure that is arbitrarily imposed. (p. 425)

Every confession has a number of psychosocial effects. First, it induces massive vulnerability in the confessor. The whole group is hearing things the confessor will be judged for, perhaps harshly. Second, it therefore opens a gate to a carrot-or-stick reaction of punishment or leniency that enables trauma bonding of the confessor to the group and its leadership cadres. Third, it provides catharsis for the confessor and even some of the people witnessing that confession, allowing them to vent the pressures of cult belonging into deeper cult commitment. Fourth, it inspires more people to confess for themselves and, in fact, competitive confession where people try to give bigger and bigger confessions as it goes from one person to the next, amplifying the all the other psychosocial effects

You can easily imagine the last of those characteristics if you’ve ever sat in a class where everyone is supposed to give some kind of introduction of themselves with an update on their emotional growth (yoga classes often do this, for example). The first few people say a little, and by the end it’s a sob-fest with long, detailed stories of high emotional content and valence and tons of flowing empathy. As Lifton explains, this is a semi-performative act of self-initiation into a totalizing cult environment,

But as totalist pressures turn confession into recurrent command performances, the element of histrionic public display takes precedence over genuine inner experience. Each man becomes concerned with the effectiveness of his personal performance, and this performance sometimes comes to serve the function of evading the very emotions and ideas about which one feels most guilty. (p. 426)

Lifton adds the following color to the situation,

The totalist confession takes on a number of special meanings. It is first a vehicle for the kind of personal purification which we have just discussed, a means of maintaining a perpetual inner emptying or psychological purge of impurity; this purging milieu enhances the totalists’ hold upon existential guilt. Second, it is an act of symbolic self-surrender, the expression of the merging of individual and environment. Third, it is a means of maintaining an ethos of total exposure—a policy of making public (or at least known to the Organization) everything possible about the life experiences, thoughts, and passions of each individual, and especially those elements which might be regarded as derogatory. (pp. 425–426)

Now imagine that but confessing evils you have committed, including against imaginary crimes. The Woke Left made strong use of this “cult of confession” dynamic. DEI meetings were, in essence, exactly this program rammed into a professional workplace setting. Accusations of mysterious “structural” racism or transphobia or whatever were leveled, and everyone has to look for ways they’ve contributed or been complicit and confess it all in front of the group (Lifton: “confess[ing] to crimes one has not committed, to sinfulness that is artificially induced, in the name of a cure that is arbitrarily imposed

There is also much confessing of “I used to be like this but then I learned how much harm it causes to people of color for white people to go hiking” or some such claim of self-improvement—or, “ideological remolding,” or, thought reform. Cult-like mantras follow: “Hiking-while-white encodes whiteness into the recreation, hiking culture, and the outdoors, which is exclusionary.” You get the idea. Lifton explains

The cult of confession can offer the individual person meaningful psychological satisfactions in the continuing opportunity for emotional catharsis and for relief of suppressed guilt feelings, especially insofar as these are associated with self-punitive tendencies to get pleasure from personal degradation. More than this, the sharing of confession enthusiasms can create an orgiastic sense of “oneness,” of the most intense intimacy with fellow confessors and of the dissolution of self into the great flow of the Movement. And there is also, at least initially, the possibility of genuine self-revelation and of self-betterment through the recognition that “the thing that has been exposed is what I am.” (p. 426)

The purpose of this ritual, Lifton tells us, is ultimately horrifying and fundamental to its nature as a totalitarian practice:

The assumption underlying total exposure (besides those which relate to the demand for purity) is the environment’s claim to total ownership of each individual self within it. Private ownership of the mind and its products—of imagination or of memory—becomes highly immoral. (p. 426)

Thus we come to understand the dynamic of a cult of confession as central to that of a totalizing cult, thus the totalitarian environment.

The Cult of Enthusiasm Dynamic

Alongside the “cult of confession” dynamic in totalitarian environments, Lifton characterizes the “cult of enthusiasm” as partially derivative to the cult of confession and partly free-standing. In short, the cult of enthusiasm refers to a strong current of enthusiasm for supporting the cult program, beliefs, and its leadership. It’s also usually highly emotional in nature and meant not to create and manipulate guilt and shame so much as to whip up frenzy, mania, and enthusiasm in the participants. As Lifton explains,

Thought reform has the opposite ethos [to traditional Chinese culture of self-restraint], a cult of enthusiasm (enthusiasm in the religious meaning of rapturous and excessive emotional experience), with a demand for total self-surrender. It is true that thought reform implies a promise of a return to restraint, and of an attainment of relaxed perfection some time in the mystical Communist future, just as Confucius claimed that these ideals had existed during an equally mystical past or “golden age”— but enthusiasm and restraint, once established, are not always so easily controlled. (p. 397)

Notice that Lifton characterizes this activity as driven by a “demand for total self-surrender.” Surrender—or submission—is a key component of the totalizing (or authoritarian) cult environment, as submission to the ideology and its perceived authorities is a key aspect of cult (and authoritarian) psychology and sociology. Lifton here, though, describes a kind of ideological innervation through this surrender of self to the cult and its ambitions.

Now, part of the ideological innervation Lifton describes here can be done directly, particularly in the People’s Republic of China context in terms of enthusiasm for the party and party leadership (esp. Mao) worship or various icons that were held up as ideal comrades. Communist doctrine tends to be held maniacally, as Lifton relates through one of his interview subjects, a Catholic priest who had been wrongly imprisoned by Mao’s thugs, exhibiting characteristic symptoms of a mind that had been broken to the point of admiring its tormenters:

The Communists have tremendous enthusiasm in their outright devotion to their doctrine. … What they believe, they do. … We are divided between doctrine and practice. … There is a discrepancy between religious life and doctrine. Therefore we are weak. … They are superior to us in carrying out their actions. … They have dialectic and a strange use of their proofs. … They have a keen instinct for finding out what each man may be doing against his own creed and his work. … I don't know where human beings can find such proofs. (p. 140)

Some of the mania of the “cult of enthusiasm” in the totalizing environment is derivative to the cult of confession, however. After confessing, there often follows an enthusiasm to “do better,” with people frantically and manically participating in the cult’s behaviors and rituals, including denunciations of class enemies or those who haven’t confessed sufficiently or at all. That is, victims become perpetrators through this transformation from one cult dynamic to another.

Psychologically, the cult of enthusiasm dynamic energizes members of the cult, helps them bond in a shared sense of activity and worldview, reinforces the cult’s beliefs, inspires loyalty and commitment, and reinforces the sense of the high social cost of dissent while also discouraging it through general social pressure and enthusiasm for the common cult direction. The highly emotionally charged atmosphere of this cult dynamic is instrumental to binding and orienting people with the cult’s doctrines

The Woke Left does this as well, as indicated by my deliberate wry usage of the phrase “do better” just above. These denunciation rituals—which relate to what Maoists called “speaking bitterness”—are obvious and, in fact, more or less characterize Woke Left behavior in most people’s minds. They also present a general enthusiasm for “liberation” and a “socially just world,” as we hear in ridiculous terms like “trans joy.” Every Pride parade was an increasingly libidinous “cult of enthusiasm” exercise, as were many of their other rallies, protests, demonstrations, and so on. (This has led me in the past to say that protest is Woke church.) They were something more too, though: deliberately transgressive, which is indicative of a Cultural Revolution program where “change agents” destroy the norms of the past for a brighter future.

The Cult of Transgression Dynamic

Lifton, writing well before the Cultural Revolution, does not focus in Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism upon any such “cult of transgression” dynamic, but the seeds of this particularly pernicious form of personal and societal destruction are clearly present. Of course, they must be, because they represent the same Jacobin spirit from the French Revolution that runs through all of Communism. Lifton, describing the situation of one of the captives in Mao’s People’s Republic makes this apparent:

He also developed the concept that it was necessary to degrade oneself “to convince the Communists that you are with them—and not in grace in the bourgeois world—so that the Communists would feel that you were so degraded in the bourgeois world that you could not go back.” (p. 166)

It’s difficult to read those words and not recognize the self-humiliation rituals of Woke Leftism today, especially as we might see them in Queer Activists or around “Pride” displays. The words “so degraded in the bourgeois world that you could not go back” haunt the participants in those displays perfectly. This self-degradation as a means of distinguishing oneself from the “bourgeois” (or normal, or fallen, or mundane) world is also the basis for a cult dynamic in Wokeness, though: a cult of transgression.

The purpose of Woke theory is often to transgress norms and boundaries, especially in Queer Theory, which is explicitly formulated to do this and only this. bell hooks (name intentionally not capitalized) even published a famous book called Teaching to Transgress (based on Paulo Freire’s “Marxification” of education model, as I called it, itself based on Mao’s thought-reform methods) that highlights the centrality of this behavior in a semi-formal academic way, even though, again, every Pride demonstration made it obviously clear in a more tangible and blatant way. hooks makes clear that there’s a connection between enthusiasm and transgression, as does every monstrosity performed in the name of “Pride”:

I longed passionately to teach differently from the way I had been taught since high school. The first paradigm that shaped my pedagogy was the idea that the classroom should be an exciting place, never boring. And if boredom should prevail, then pedagogical strategies were needed that would intervene, alter, even disrupt the atmosphere. Neither Freire’s work nor feminist pedagogy examined the notion of pleasure in the classroom. … Excitement in higher education was viewed as potentially disruptive of the atmosphere of seriousness assumed to be essential to the learning process. To enter classroom settings in colleges and universities with the will to share the desire to encourage excitement, was to transgress. (p. 7)

The idea of the cult of transgression is essentially the idea of teenage rebellion but turned deeply pathological. Teenagers naturally rebel against their environments, parents, norms, etc., just as a way of testing out boundaries in the effort to stake out an independent adult identity for themselves. They often do this in tightly knit social groups that develop their own slang language, set of in-group jokes, and sets of transgressions that prove their defiance, and they often play off one another to increase the transgressive capacity of their bubble until it strikes various boundaries from which it is supposed to learn important lessons about public versus private behavior, social norms and limitations, etc. That’s normal, but it can also be the basis for a cult of transgression defined by people pushing the boundaries of prevailing norms through cult doctrine and eventually socially and psychologically isolating themselves from those outside the cult

In organic situations like with teenagers, this transgressive behavior is likely mostly harmless and even in some ways edifying, but when there is a directed cult ideology in play, it can be a potent cult recruitment and commitment tool that takes the form of what we might call the “ritual of transgression

The Ritual of Transgression

The ritual of transgression is best described by saying that everyone in a group within the cult, or the cult itself, competes to transgress the expected norms of behavior and thought a little more but always in a particular direction in line with cult doctrine. You can imagine a group of young Critical Race Theorists sitting around starting with a transgressive statement like “the police are racist” (not worthy of respect) and going down a deep rabbit hole of wanting to defund police, abolish police, abolish prisons, imprison police, kill police, etc. You can also easily imagine another rabbit trail in which “police are racist” turns into discussions of why everything else is racist too, even hiking and probably the mountains people want to hike on

Radical feminist behavior over the last fifty years (thus Woke activism in many ways) can almost be defined by participation in a combination of these three cults with the tip of the spear being the cult of transgression; hence bell hooks’s book title. They did this in both theory (blaming men, patriarchy, misogyny, “rape culture,” etc., for more and more ridiculous things) and in practice (say, making themselves deliberately hateful and ugly to “reject gender norms” and “being nice” and blaming men for thinking they're ugly and hateful). They were, and are, as Lifton has it, making themselves “so degraded in the bourgeois world” that they cannot “go back.”

The Maoist cult did this too, particularly in the Cultural Revolution under the doctrine of “Smash the Four Olds,” which admittedly came long after Lifton’s research (mid-1950s) and publication of Thought Reform (1961). Young people rejected their elders (became transgressive) and went on to “smash” anything reminiscent of “old” society (today: “Boomer mentality

These actions were blatant transgressions against the existing society, by the way. Streets were renamed, temples desecrated, relics looted, smashed, and burned, and even people were killed or struggled into suicide over their adherence to “old ways of thinking” or “old habits” (today, again: “Boomer mentality

In the cult of transgression, the ritual is to transgress to the limits of tolerability with no backtracking and to do so in a social environment where everyone is going a little deeper into the ideology and doctrine of the cult. In the process, through the transgressions themselves and the cultish identification with them to which they become increasingly socially bound, the cult isolation and commitment deepens. The dynamic is partly by these transgressions becoming the bases for “in-jokes” they can’t share elsewhere because they’re too transgressive, which is also socially isolating, and partly through a shared sense of rule-breaking. The transgressors are now in it together and defined by opposing the world. As you might imagine, this slope is extremely slippery, and past a certain point, there’s almost no way back, psychologically or socially.

Ultimately, this creates massive social co-dependence on other members of the cult and a self-isolation from outsiders (who will eventually have to be driven away) who might act as moderating forces. The transgressors cannot relate well to normal society any longer while maintaining a sense of degenerate superiority over it, literally in the mold of “Left-hand” or “black” magic. They’re bound together as self-satisfied outsiders who believe they’ve transcended a false moral universe through their acts of transgression

Of course, this perverse antinomian behavior sets up exactly the kinds of guilt and shame mechanisms that drive the cult of confession dynamic forward. The false light of enthusiasm fills in the growing darkness as a psychological and social cover, and the false enlightenment of shedding morality through transgression rationalizes the participants’ fall. Coming to believe morality to be false and imposed, thus in need of transgressing in the first place is what it means to become “Woke.” The participants’ “wake up,” from their own perspectives, to a higher morality that transcends and disparages the real thing.

Woke Cult of Transgression

A peculiar feature of the cult of transgression is that it’s like a system of social valves that increasingly lock a participant into the cult ideology and its most radical views. It even defines the vanguard of the Woke cult’s detachment from reality. That is, participants cannot easily go backwards without a total break from the cult and its totalizing environment

Once a person transgresses morality and society to a certain degree and the cult accepts that level of transgression or extremism, to back off or to moderate at all is actually to violate the terms of the cult of transgression itself. At that point, the cult will turn on the participant for denying the ritual

All participants in a cult will eventually participate in the punishment of hypothetical or real moderates or eventually “traitors,” so they will each know that more than social rejection awaits them if they deviate or show any sobriety against the cult environment. Put differently, the cult of transgression dynamic is a radicalization vehicle with no safe escape hatch and that becomes harder to escape the longer one participates in it and the deeper one gets

Take, for example, a cult of transgression dynamic that calls everything racist from a Critical Race Theory perspective. Suppose someone says something isn’t racist after someone else in the cult transgresses the boundary of saying that it is. According to the rules of the cult, that poor reasonable person is now maintaining racism, so they’re a racist—so they’re a traitor; so they’re evil. Punishment will ensue

Not only can we easily imagine dozens of examples of this pattern of behavior on the Woke Left from recent memory and experience, we can also credit it with the whole of the “transgender” phenomenon. Radical feminists wanted to say “gender is a social construct,” so they had sacrificed access to a place of epistemic authority necessary to stop a movement claiming “sex is a social construct”—or any of its derivatives, like that men who claim to be women belong in women’s sports punching them in the face and breaking their skulls (which is a huge transgression, when you think of it that way). They just got called “TERFs” and expelled from the vanguard of their own movement while the transgressive cult marched on without them

The Woke Right’s Cult Dynamics

Now, of course, Woke Right circles exhibit all three of these cult dynamics too, most notably the cults of enthusiasm and transgression. In fact, those largely define “Woke Right” in a functional sense

The Woke Right is wild-eyed (enthusiastic) with the idea of “winning” instead of “always losing because of ‘muh principles.’” Principles are therefore expendable against the cult of enthusiasm dynamic of “winning,” and the values and norms upon which those principles are based will have to be transgressed as a matter of creating permission structures to pursue more unprincipled “winning.” As a result, nearly everything they do (under the misapplied brand name of being “based”) is transgressive of the norms of both Woke and through illegitimate conflation polite and normal liberal society. (Yes, this makes Woke Right a “queering” movement in many ways, just like the Woke Left

The word the Woke Right misuses internally for its cult of transgression is “based,” which has nothing to do with being based in reality or principle. For them, being “based” does not mean to be unafraid to state uncomfortable truths against social pressure while maintaining your values; it means saying edgy things you’re not supposed to say in polite society or under Woke hegemony. That is, it means being transgressive, or, in the Woke Left parlance for the exact same thing, being “queer,” but in a “trad” way. Their primary cult of confession dynamic is in confessing to having not been based enough to transgress earlier or further than they did in the past.

Woke Right social dynamics tend to involve competitively saying or expressing more “based” (that is, Woke or queer-trad) things, whether that be racist, sexist, anti-gay, Jew-hating or blaming, patriarchal, chauvinistic for their own groups, or extreme (anti-Constitutional) MAGA policy positions or reactions to politics relevant to MAGA policy goals. To go backwards against these transgressive cult-social values is to be labeled and treated as “controlled opposition,” “cucked,” “neocon,” “warmonger,” and a long litany of other names, or simply and in Red-Guard fashion “Boomer minded.” Such is verboten in the Woke Right cult

In the Woke literature, the principle of the cult of transgression is ultimately characterized most blatantly by Herbert Marcuse in “Repressive Tolerance” (1965), where he calls the principle “liberating tolerance.” He defines it thusly,

Liberating tolerance, then, would mean intolerance against movements from the Right and toleration of movements from the Left. As to the scope of this tolerance and intolerance: … it would extend to the stage of action as well as of discussion and propaganda, of deed as well as of word.

Another way to term liberating tolerance would be “No Enemies to the Left (NETTL).” The parallel concept in the Maoist cult would be “No Enemies of Mao Zedong Thought,” and in the Woke Right cult would be “No Enemies to the Right (NETTR),” which is explicitly and strongly argued for and held to in the Woke Right cult and its various cults of transgression and enthusiasm. These forces are all the same and serve only the function of deepening radicalization, commitment, and cult communal self-isolation

This cultish program on the Woke Right is underwritten by the logic of what is called the “friend-enemy distinction” in politics. Where Karl Marx divided the people into “oppressor and oppressed,” Mao Zedong separated the population into “the people” and “the enemies of the people,” and Herbert Marcuse broke the population into “the Left” and “the Right,” the Nazi philosopher Carl Schmitt described politics as the dynamic between “friends” and “enemies” who are pitted in an existential battle over the direction of society. It doesn’t really matter which formulation we use, however; the effect is the same: destructive cult-like tribal politics based on mutual enmity that becomes increasingly totalitarian and self-justifying in the name of the conflict that is explained to be defining of a given sociopolitical moment.

Lifton gave us the tools to understand these dynamics, however, as they are the dynamics of totalism—a cult environment. The cult dynamics of confession, enthusiasm, and transgression are defining of a psychological and social environment. They are also indicative of being “Woke” in the sense of having “woke up” to a pervasive “false morality” in society that must be transcended with themselves as the intrepid vanguard movement away from the old (repressive) and into the new (liberated).

None of these “Woke” cult dynamics is healthy for their participants or for the society plagued by them. All should be understood for what they are: dark, destructive cult dynamics indicative of the totalitarian condition, thus the enemies of peace, freedom, and civilization. Thus we can understand Woke across its many manifestations through history and today—and reject it for the sickness that it is.

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Catharsis or Civilization: A Statement from Our Founder on the Life of Charlie Kirk
by James Lindsay

I've been trying to share a particular message for a couple of years now, and I can never quite find the words. I doubt I will tonight, but I have to try again because I watched my great friend get murdered over it today.

We have a choice: catharsis or civilization.

There's no other choice for us. We can have a civilization, where people are civilized enough to live, work, and trade with one another in a productive way, a safe way, a trustworthy enough way, or we can abandon it for the pursuit of letting the negative emotions of the past years, decade, or decades consume us.

There's no other choice.

If we choose catharsis, we let our emotions, our Pathos, get the better of us. We turn to our anger and look to give it more justifications. We turn to our frustration and seek an orgiastic release through whatever deeds vents it. We turn to our oppression, our rage, our despair, our fear, and we let it flow through us until the Pathos pours out and covers the land in what will eventually be fire and blood.

Catharsis is tempting, and stepping into it will be libidinous, orgiastic, elevating, and divine, until we realize that it's the feast of demons upon everything we could have built and everything we could have passed on to our children and our posterity.

Civilization is harder. It's bitter, in fact, in comparison to catharsis. It means swallowing hard and taking all those negative emotions and sublimating them into something productive, something that builds rather than makes us feel better. Civilization feels like injustice, in fact, even though it is the only basis for justice outside of Heaven and Hell, if they exist.

If we choose civilization, we're allowed to be mad, but we must temper our anger into right action that builds something to leave a better world, which will dissolve it, of course. We're also allowed to be frustrated, but we must sublimate our frustration into the dedicated search for real and lasting solutions to our problems in a civilization worth living in and passing to our children. We are not allowed to despair, though, and we cannot persist in fear. We must have faith that swallowing and metabolizing all of our negativity to turn it into a flourishing society is possible and worth it, and faith will drive out fear and is the mortal enemy of despair.

Civilization is not available on the wide path. It is the narrow path, at least so far as worldly life goes. Veer too far to one side or the other, or even for too long a moment forget your purpose or principles, and you lose the path, lose civilization, and lose everything worth having.

Without civilization, though, we will find ourselves in a terror beyond our comprehension. Maybe it will be like the philosopher Thomas Hobbes described it in the wake of the terrible English Civil War, when civilization was nearly thrown aside. Violent, solitary or tribal, nasty, brutish, short, a wicked and selfish war of all against all. It looks like the favelas of Brazil.

Maybe we'll end up conquered, fighting among ourselves while our enemies feast on our folly. Maybe we'll end up holding it together, for a little while anyway, under a tyrant who can, for a time, make it all stop and demand order. Maybe we all just end up learning Mandarin and get along mastering the ins and outs of social credit existence.

Civilization is worth fighting for, and catharsis is the kind of momentary pleasure followed by pain that every virtue stands in opposition to. In a civilization we, and each of our children after us, can live as individuals, free to pursue our dreams in sufficient safety and opportunity to generate abundance. Catharsis will be a groupish disaster with all the allure and hangover of a drunken mosh pit.

Again, I'm not expressing myself the way I see this issue in my mind. It's such an important message that I just can't get right, no matter how I try.

What I will say is that, for any differences in the particulars my great friend Charlie Kirk and I have had, Charlie Kirk stood for, lived for, and acted to his dying breath for civilization. He was far too temperate and wise, even at 31, for catharsis.

How can I be sure?

Under strange circumstances once, I found myself out on a skiing boat on a lake with Charlie Kirk. Music was playing, we were having a good time enjoying the morning. Charlie, with his standard grin, bare chest in the sun, laughed a little and explained himself, "I had fun once, guys, and I hated it."

Then he made our host change the music from something fun and hip to... classical. And we ran up and down the lake alongside all the other party boats listening to Bach, Vivaldi, and Stravinsky, not having fun even once and loving it. Charlie Kirk lived for civilization, and nothing remotely like catharsis would have been near his mind, heart, or soul, even in its darkest, most frustrated moments.

Charlie wanted to win, but he wanted to win so that we can move away from evil and move away from cathartic, orgiastic destruction and toward civilizational order, where his family and children could grow up as strong, proud Americans.

More than that, Charlie lived for Jesus, the Logos, as He is named in John 1. He knew the difference between the Logos and the Pathos, human though he was. He understood civilization is built on the rock of Logos, and that it can never be built on the churning sands of Pathos.

That's how I know that Charlie understood the choice I still cannot articulate. We have two options, and only two. They are catharsis and civilization. Charlie Kirk lived that we would have civilization.

May Charlie Kirk not have died such that we spiral into catharsis and evil.

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